Safety

Constructed to prevent water passing through in either direction under the pressure for which the structure is designed. Watertight bulkheads, doors and hatches preserve subdivision only when closures, seals and surrounding structure are intact and correctly secured. The standard is stronger and more specific than ordinary weather resistance.

The formal transfer of responsibility and operational information from one watchkeeper to the next. The relieving person must be fit, informed and satisfied with the vessel’s position, course, traffic, weather, equipment status, orders and current work before taking over. Handover should be delayed during a critical situation unless the transfer can be completed safely.

The organised maintenance of continuous navigational, engineering, radio, security or safety duties aboard a vessel. A watchkeeper monitors the vessel and environment, follows standing orders and regulations and remains ready to act. Fitness, lookout, situational awareness, records and proper relief are central to an effective watch.

Unwanted entry of water into a vessel, compartment or piece of equipment. Sources include hull damage, leaking fittings, failed hoses, downflooding and rain or spray. Early detection, isolation, pumping and investigation are vital because free surface and progressive flooding can rapidly threaten stability and systems.

Marine flares or other pyrotechnic signals that have passed their marked expiry date. They must not be relied upon as required distress equipment and can become unstable or unreliable. Storage and disposal must follow the authorised local scheme; they should never be fired for practice unless part of an approved event.

A short-duration force substantially greater than the steady load, caused by abruptly stopping or accelerating a mass. Slack snatching tight in a mooring line, tether or tow can create severe shock loading. Elasticity, controlled handling and avoiding slack reduce peak force, but every component and attachment must still have adequate capacity.

Motion-induced illness commonly causing nausea, dizziness, pallor and vomiting at sea. It can impair judgement, hydration and the ability to keep watch. Fresh air, a view of the horizon, appropriate position aboard and timely medication may help, while severe or persistent symptoms require attention to hydration and safety.