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A fore-and-aft-rigged sailing vessel with a mainmast and a smaller mizzen mast abaft it. In the conventional distinction, the ketch’s mizzen mast is stepped forward of the rudder stock, whereas a yawl’s smaller mizzen is stepped aft of it. The mizzen sail contributes materially to the ketch’s sail plan and can help balance the vessel….
A tackle that pulls a sailing vessel’s boom down and controls its upward movement. Also called a boom vang, it runs between the lower mast area and the boom. It controls leech tension and sail twist when the mainsheet no longer provides enough downward force, particularly on reaches and downwind courses. The tackle may be…
A line used to hoist, support or lower a sail, flag, yard or other item aloft. A halyard normally runs over or through a sheave and is secured by a cleat, clutch or winch. It may be rope, wire or a combination, and its tension can affect sail luff shape as well as holding the…
A portable compass designed to measure the magnetic bearing of a visible object. The user sights a landmark, navigation mark, celestial body or other vessel while reading its bearing. Successive bearings can establish a position fix, monitor whether a contact’s bearing is changing or help follow a planned bearing. Readings are magnetic unless converted and…
A rail positioned to provide a secure handhold aboard a vessel. Handrails may be fitted on deck, cabin tops, companionways and within accommodation. Their shape, clearance and continuity should allow a person to grasp them while the vessel moves, and their construction may be metal, timber, composite or suitable rope. Fastenings, backing structure, corrosion, cracking…
A small portable block-and-tackle purchase that can be temporarily rigged where extra pulling force is needed. It commonly has hooks, shackles or rope tails at its ends so it can be moved between jobs such as tensioning rigging, hauling equipment or controlling a load. Its theoretical mechanical advantage depends on the number of rope parts…
A fitting that attaches the luff of a headsail to a stay while allowing the sail to be raised or lowered. Hanks may be piston, snap, hook or soft types and are spaced along the sail’s luff. They keep the sail close to the stay but slide along it during hoisting and lowering; a hanked…
To haul in a sheet or other control so that a sail is held closer to the vessel’s centreline. The instruction is normally used when trimming for a course closer to the wind or reducing excessive sail movement. It describes changing sheet or control tension, not turning the vessel; the helm instruction to turn closer…
A closable opening that provides access, light or ventilation through a deck, cabin top or bulkhead. A hatch may be horizontal, inclined or vertical and can lead to accommodation, machinery, storage or an escape route. Its cover may lift, slide or be removed, and a raised coaming commonly helps limit water entry on exposed openings….
To pull a line or object towards the person hauling or towards the vessel. The phrase can mean taking up slack, shortening a working line or bringing equipment alongside or aboard. It does not by itself specify the required force, final position or whether a winch, purchase or other hauling device should be used. Before…
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