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A turn of rope trapped beneath or crossed by another loaded turn on a winch or drum. It forms when incoming rope overrides an earlier turn, often because of an unsuitable lead angle, slack handling or too many turns. Load then pinches the lower rope so it cannot run or be eased normally. A riding…
The system of spars, stays, shrouds, lines and fittings that supports and controls a vessel’s sails or other elevated equipment. Standing rigging primarily supports masts and resists relatively fixed loads, while running rigging moves or controls sails, spars and equipment. The term can include terminals, chainplates, blocks, tracks, winches and related hardware, and non-sailing vessels…
A lightweight powerboat with a rigid hull surrounded by inflatable buoyancy tubes. Commonly abbreviated to RIB, the design combines the shaped underwater form and structural support of a rigid hull with a large inflatable collar. The tubes add reserve buoyancy, provide a soft contact surface and contribute to stability, while the rigid hull supports the…
A situation in which the available information indicates that two vessels may collide unless appropriate action is taken. A steady or nearly steady compass bearing with decreasing range is a strong warning, but appreciable bearing change does not always remove risk when approaching a very large vessel, a tow or at close range. All available…
A system that stows a sail by rolling it around a stay, foil, spar or mandrel. Headsail furlers commonly rotate a foil or drum around the forestay, while mainsail systems can roll the sail inside a mast, inside a boom or around an external spar. A furling line or powered drive controls rotation while sheets…
Reducing a sail’s exposed area by partially rolling it around or into a stay, foil, mast or boom. Unlike complete roller furling, roller reefing leaves part of the sail set and loaded. Headsails roll around a stay or foil, while mainsails may roll inside a mast or boom or around a boom, and each arrangement…
For a sailing vessel to turn rapidly or unintentionally towards the wind. A round-up commonly occurs when heel, rudder load or weather helm exceeds the available steering control, particularly in a gust or with excessive sail. The sails may luff and the vessel may slow sharply or pass through the wind. Reducing heel and restoring…
A portable fender kept ready to be positioned where unexpected contact is likely. It supplements fenders already rigged for berthing or rafting and can be moved to a changing contact point between vessels, a quay, pile or lock wall. A crew member may control it by a line, but should not use hands or feet…
A steering surface that produces a turning force by deflecting water flowing past it. A rudder may be hung on the stern, supported by a skeg, balanced around a stock, mounted as a spade or incorporated into other arrangements. It works only when there is sufficient relative water flow, which can come from vessel movement…
The strong shaft that supports a rudder and transmits steering movement to it. The rudder stock passes into or through the hull and connects the rudder blade to a tiller, quadrant, steering arm or other steering mechanism. Bearings support and guide the stock, while a gland, seal or tube limits water entry where the arrangement…
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