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A loop formed in the end of a rope by splicing the rope back into its standing part. In laid rope, individual strands are tucked in a prescribed sequence; braided, double-braid and high-modulus ropes use construction-specific methods. The eye may be formed around a thimble to protect it and maintain bend radius at a shackle…
A fitting that guides a rope, wire or cable along a required lead or through a change of direction. Fairleads include smooth eyes, horns, rollers and specialised deck or bulwark fittings used for mooring lines, sheets, control cables and other running systems. Their shape, strength and alignment must suit the line material, diameter, load and…
A resilient buffer placed between a vessel and a berth or another vessel to reduce contact damage. Portable fenders may be inflatable, foam-filled, cylindrical, spherical or flat and are suspended at the expected contact points and heights. Fixed berth fender systems serve the same broad purpose on quays and pontoons but are engineered for their…
A broad pointed part of an anchor designed to penetrate or bear against the seabed. The number, area, angle and freedom of movement of flukes vary between anchor patterns. In suitable ground they develop holding resistance by burying and mobilising the surrounding seabed rather than by surface area alone. No single fluke shape is best…
An isolated marine structure used for mooring, berthing guidance or protection. A dolphin may be formed from a group of piles, a rigid column or a caisson. Mooring dolphins carry fittings to which lines are secured, while breasting dolphins provide a contact face that helps position a vessel alongside a berth. Protective dolphins can shield…
To add mooring lines or duplicate selected leads to increase security or redundancy. A vessel may double up before strong wind, heavy wash, a long unattended period or another expected increase in load. Additional lines can share loads and provide backup if a line chafes, slips or parts, provided they lead to suitable vessel and…
To move across the seabed because an anchor is no longer holding the vessel securely. An anchor may drag because it has not set, the holding ground is poor, insufficient scope has been used, or wind, current and wave loads exceed the holding available. Dragging can be gradual and may not be obvious from the…
A fitting shaped to secure or control a line. A horn cleat has two projecting horns around which a line can be made fast, commonly with a cleat hitch. It may be fitted to a vessel, pontoon or quay. Cam and jam cleats grip a line differently and are generally used to hold running rigging…
A proprietary plough-pattern anchor with a hinged shank. The name is commonly pronounced “secure”. Its weighted plough-shaped fluke is intended to turn and dig into suitable seabeds as load is applied, while the hinge allows the shank to change angle relative to the fluke. Setting and holding depend on anchor size, seabed, scope, deployment and…
To release a mooring, towing or other securing line from its fitting. The expression is commonly used when a vessel leaves a berth, buoy, rafted position or tow. A line may be cast off from aboard, released ashore and recovered, or slipped so that it can run free without someone remaining on the berth. The…
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