Search and Rescue (SAR)

The coordinated efforts undertaken to locate and assist individuals in distress or imminent danger, typically at sea, and to bring them to safety. 

Search and Rescue (SAR) is a critical operation in maritime environments, designed to respond to emergencies where individuals are lost, injured, or in peril. These operations are often carried out by specialised teams, which may include coast guards, naval forces, or volunteer organisations such as the RNLI, depending on the region and the nature of the emergency. Various situations, such as distressed vessels, man-overboard incidents, or missing persons at sea can trigger SAR missions. The primary goal of SAR is to locate those in need as quickly as possible and provide immediate assistance, including medical aid, evacuation, or towing a disabled vessel to safety. 

SAR operations are typically coordinated through a Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC), which monitors distress signals, radio communications, and other alerts. These operations often involve using advanced technology, such as radar, helicopters, and specialised rescue boats, to cover large areas of open water. Time is a critical factor in SAR missions, as the harsh sea conditions can quickly worsen a situation. Internationally, SAR operations are governed by agreements such as the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (1979), which outlines the responsibilities of coastal nations to provide SAR services within their designated search and rescue regions.