Range of Tide

The vertical difference between the high tide and the succeeding low tide in a specific tidal cycle.

The range of tide is a fundamental concept in marine navigation and coastal activities, describing the extent of tidal fluctuation at a given location. It is calculated by measuring the vertical distance between the highest water level (high tide) and the lowest water level (low tide) during a single tidal cycle. The range can vary significantly depending on geographical location, lunar phase, and local topography. For instance, during spring tides—when the gravitational forces of the sun and moon align—the range of tide is at its maximum, resulting in more pronounced high and low tides. Conversely, during neap tides—when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other—the range is at its minimum, producing less dramatic tidal changes. Understanding the range of tide is crucial for mariners, as it affects the depth of water in harbours, estuaries, and navigation channels. It also significantly determines the timing and safety of vessel movements, anchorage, and loading operations. Additionally, the range of tide influences coastal ecosystems, as the extent of tidal exposure and submersion impacts the distribution of marine life and sediment transport. By consulting tide tables and charts, mariners and coastal managers can predict the range of tide and plan their activities accordingly.