Heel

Tilt or lean to one side, typically due to wind pressure on a sailing vessel’s sails.

The term “heel” is widely used in recreational and professional marine contexts to describe the lateral tilt or inclination of a vessel. This phenomenon is most commonly associated with sailing yachts, where the force of the wind acting on the sails causes the boat to lean to one side. The extent of heeling depends on several factors, including the strength of the wind, the angle of the sails, the vessel’s design, and the distribution of weight aboard. Heeling is a natural and often desirable aspect of sailing, as it indicates that the sails are effectively harnessing the wind’s energy. However, excessive heeling can compromise stability, reduce speed, and make manoeuvring more challenging. 

To counteract heeling, sailors may adjust the sail trim, reduce sail area by reefing, or shift crew and ballast to the windward side to balance the vessel. In motorboats or other non-sailing vessels, heeling can occur due to uneven loading or external forces like waves. While moderate heeling is manageable, severe or uncontrolled heeling can lead to capsizing, especially in smaller boats. Understanding and managing heel is a fundamental skill for sailors, as it directly impacts safety, comfort, and performance on the water.