Capsize

To overturn a vessel beyond its normal stable operating attitude, potentially onto its side or fully inverted.

Capsize can result from excessive wind or wave force, loss of stability, flooding, shifting load, collision or handling error. The outcome differs greatly between a self-righting yacht, recoverable dinghy, multihull, open powerboat and larger vessel.

A knockdown from which a vessel promptly rights may be distinguished from a capsize, while complete inversion is often called a turtle in dinghy sailing. Prevention and recovery procedures must be specific to the craft, and people should remain accounted for and avoid entrapment beneath sails, rigging or an inverted hull.