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A sling designed to support and lift a person during recovery from the water. It is passed around or attached to the casualty and connected to a hauling point or lifting device. The method should minimise constriction, prevent the person slipping out and, where practicable, keep an exhausted casualty near horizontal.
To allow a rope to run out under controlled tension around a fitting or through a lead. Rendering prevents a sudden uncontrolled release while accommodating movement or reducing load. Hands and loose clothing must be kept clear of turns, fairleads and pinch points, and the tailer must retain a safe number of turns.
The horizontal distance between the lines of action of buoyancy and weight when a vessel is heeled. Usually denoted GZ, it multiplied by displacement gives the vessel’s static righting moment. Its value changes with heel and loading and becomes negative when the heeling tendency exceeds the righting tendency.
A tidal current whose direction changes progressively through the tidal cycle rather than simply reversing along one axis. Successive hourly vectors form a pattern often represented by a tidal ellipse. Both direction and rate must therefore be taken for the required time rather than inferred only from flood and ebb labels.
A planned sequence of positions or legs defining an intended passage. A route connects waypoints while accounting for hazards, depths, traffic, weather, regulations and contingencies. It is a plan to be monitored and adjusted, not proof that the water between every displayed waypoint is safe.
An anchor with a plough-shaped fluke designed to dig into the seabed as load is applied. It generally resets after moderate direction changes and is widely used on cruising vessels, although performance varies with design and bottom type. Correct size, scope and deliberate setting remain essential.
The organisation responsible for administering a port and exercising powers assigned within its limits. Functions may include navigation directions, traffic control, conservancy, berths, dues, safety and environmental management. Masters must comply with applicable harbour regulations and lawful directions in addition to general maritime law.
The legally or administratively defined boundaries of a port authority’s area. Within them, local by-laws, reporting requirements, speed limits, pilotage and traffic directions may apply. Limits are shown or described in current charts, publications and legislation and may extend beyond the visible harbour.
An advance notice of a navigational change or development for which complete details are not yet available. It allows mariners to anticipate work, new routes, altered aids or hazards before a permanent chart correction can be issued. The notice remains relevant until cancelled, replaced or incorporated into updated products.
The rate and direction of change of atmospheric pressure over distance. A stronger horizontal pressure gradient generally produces stronger wind, modified by Earth’s rotation, friction and curvature. Closely spaced isobars on a weather chart indicate a steep gradient rather than directly specifying the exact surface wind.
If you belive the Earth is flat, you're about to fall of the end...
If you belive the Earth is flat, you're about to fall of the end...
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