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In a direction abaft the vessel’s starboard beam and to the right of its centreline. The expression describes the relative sector between approximately abeam and astern on the starboard side rather than a single bearing. A more precise report can add relative bearing, clock position and distance. The sector moves with the vessel’s heading. A…
Directed or moving from the water towards the land. The term commonly describes wind, current, waves or movement relative to a coast. An onshore wind blows towards land; an onshore current sets towards it, but their directions need not be the same and can vary along an irregular coastline. Onshore conditions can create a lee-shore…
The international radiotelephony spelling word for the letter O. It is used to spell call signs, identifiers and words clearly over voice radio. The prescribed spoken form is represented as ‘OSS CAH’, with emphasis indicated in official pronunciation tables. In the International Code of Signals, the single flag O means ‘Man overboard’, a separate use…
A sail control that tensions or positions the clew away from the mast or towards the outboard end of a boom or spar. On a conventional mainsail the outhaul pulls the clew aft along or towards the boom end, changing foot tension and lower-sail depth. It may be a simple line, an internal purchase, a…
Rough, broken or confused water produced when strong flow passes over an irregular seabed or meets another stream. Overfalls commonly form near banks, shoals, ledges, headlands and abrupt changes of depth, where tidal flow is accelerated or disturbed. They can also occur where streams converge. The surface may become steep and chaotic even when nearby…
The sideways movement of a vessel through the water caused mainly by wind acting on its exposed surfaces. Leeway carries a vessel downwind of the direction in which it is heading. The leeway angle is the angle between the vessel’s heading and its resulting track through the water, and it varies with wind strength, point…
One section of a route or passage between two defined points. In a route made from waypoints, each leg begins at one waypoint and ends at the next. It has an intended direction and distance, and may also include a planned speed, estimated time and navigational constraints. Monitoring progress along a leg involves comparing the…
The vessel’s overall fore-and-aft length measured between the specified extreme points. LOA usually spans the foremost and aftermost permanent parts of the hull or vessel, but standards, marinas and authorities differ over whether bowsprits, pulpits, davits, rudders, outboards and other projections are included. It is therefore a defined measurement only when the convention is stated….
A safety tether connecting a person’s harness or lifejacket attachment point to a strong point or jackstay on a vessel. Its purpose is to reduce the risk of separation from the vessel while allowing controlled movement on deck. The tether, clips, attachment point, jackstay and harness system must be compatible and capable of carrying the…
A survival craft designed to provide emergency flotation, shelter and support after people abandon a vessel. Most small-vessel life-rafts are inflatable and packed in a valise or rigid container; commercial ships may carry approved inflatable or rigid types. Capacity, canopy, ballast, boarding arrangements, equipment pack, operating temperature and approval standard vary with intended service. A…
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