Windward

The direction from which the wind is blowing, or the side of a vessel or object that faces into the wind.

Windward is a crucial concept that helps sailors and mariners understand wind direction relative to their vessel. The windward side is the side that faces into the wind, as opposed to the leeward side, which is sheltered from the wind. Understanding the windward side is essential for navigation, sail adjustment, and manoeuvring a vessel efficiently. 

When a vessel is sailing, the windward side is the one that is exposed to the wind’s force, and this is where the wind hits the sails first. Sailors often need to be aware of the windward side to effectively “tack” or “jibe” – manoeuvres that involve changing the boat’s direction relative to the wind. In competitive sailing, gaining the windward position can be advantageous, as it allows a vessel to control its course better and block wind from competitors.

Additionally, in terms of geography, the windward side of an island or coastline is the side that faces the prevailing winds. This side typically experiences more wind and precipitation, as the wind brings moisture from the sea, which condenses and falls as rain when it hits elevated land. Understanding the windward side is important not only for navigation but also for predicting weather patterns and ensuring safe passage in various maritime environments.